Cannabidiol Menstrual Cycle
After research it’s been found, CB1 receptor clusters are present in the hypothalamic pituitary access and have been shown to act as an inhibitory. This in turn altering production of hormones, which in turn can affect a women’s hormone cycles. This is something that we believe to not be of risk, but important for the population to be aware of.
You can read more from select abstracts below:
Immunocytochemical demonstration of CB1 cannabinoid receptors in the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
Both exogenous and endogenous cannabinoids can influence hormone secretion from the anterior pituitary gland. A large body of information proves that the primary target of these effects is the neuroendocrine hypothalamus. However, recent studies using cannabinoid (CB) receptor autoradiography, messenger RNA in-situ hybridization and in-vitro analysis, indicate direct effects of cannabinoids at the level of the anterior pituitary gland itself. In the present paper, the immunocytochemical distribution of CB in the adult rat anterior pituitary was studied using specific polyclonal antibodies against CB1 (central) and CB2 (peripheral) receptors. Due to its resolution, this method allowed identification of individual anterior pituitary cells possessing cannabinoid receptors. The specific hormone immunoreactive cells with receptor-like immunoreactivity were compared on adjacent sections. CB1-like immunoreactivity (CB1ir) was found in the lactotroph cells as well as in luteinizing hormone (LH) secreting gonadotrophs. The CB1ir positive material present in the cytoplasm of these cells was less homogeneous than the hormone immunoreactive material, and it was also seen at the periphery of the cells, presumably on the cell membrane. No CB1ir was found in growth hormone (GH) secreting cells and it was hardly seen in the corticotrophs. No CB1ir was detected in the posterior pituitary. CB2ir was not observed in any part of the pituitary gland. The results support the view that the site of action of cannabinoids on neuroendocrine regulatory mechanisms may be both at pituitary and hypothalamic levels. We suggest that at least the direct effect of cannabinoids on the regulation of LH and prolactin secretion is mediated via CB1 cannabinoid receptors in the anterior pituitary.
From: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10520138
Hypothalamic POMC neurons promote cannabinoid-induced feeding
Hypothalamic pro-opiomelanocortin (POMC) neurons promote satiety. Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1R) is critical for the central regulation of food intake. Here we test whether CB1R-controlled feeding in sated mice is paralleled by decreased activity of POMC neurons. We show that chemical promotion of CB1R activity increases feeding, and notably, CB1R activation also promotes neuronal activity of POMC cells. This paradoxical increase in POMC activity was crucial for CB1R-induced feeding, because designer-receptors-exclusively-activated-by-designer-drugs (DREADD)-mediated inhibition of POMC neurons diminishes, whereas DREADD-mediated activation of POMC neurons enhances CB1R-driven feeding. The Pomc gene encodes both the anorexigenic peptide α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, and the opioid peptide β-endorphin. CB1R activation selectively increases β-endorphin but not α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone release in the hypothalamus, and systemic or hypothalamic administration of the opioid receptor antagonist naloxone blocks acute CB1R-induced feeding. These processes involve mitochondrial adaptations that, when blocked, abolish CB1R-induced cellular responses and feeding. Together, these results uncover a previously unsuspected role of POMC neurons in the promotion of feeding by cannabinoids.
From: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25707796
Effects of cannabinoids on hypothalamic and reproductive function
Marijuana and cannabinoids have been shown to exert profound effects on hypothalamic regulatory functions and reproduction in both experimental animals and humans. Here we review the role of (endo)cannabinoids in the regulation of appetite and food intake. There is converging evidence that the hypothalamic endocannabinoid system changes after leptin treatment. Cannabinoid administration decreases heat production by altering hypothalamic neurotransmitter production. Experimental and human data have also shown that the endocannabinoid system is involved in the regulation of reproductive function at both central and peripheral levels. We discuss also the role of fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) in gestation, and in particular the regulation of the activity of FAAH by progesterone and leptin. We show that endocannabinoids inhibit the release of leukaemia inhibitory factor (LIF) from peripheral T lymphocytes. Taken together, endocannabinoids not only help to maintain neuroendocrine homeostasis, but also take part in immunological changes occurring during early pregnancy.
From : https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16596787
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